American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) Assessment Practice Test 2026 - Free ASAM Practice Questions and Study Resource

Chronic opioid use is commonly associated with constipation due to the way opioids interact with the body's gastrointestinal system. Opioids bind to specific receptors in the brain and the digestive tract, which slows down gastrointestinal motility and can lead to decreased bowel movements. This effect is particularly pronounced in long-term use, as the body also tends to become tolerant to the analgesic effects of opioids while the constipating effects often persist or even worsen over time.

The other options do not typically relate to chronic opioid use in the same way. Insomnia can be influenced by a variety of factors, and while some individuals may experience sleep disturbances while on opioids, it is not as common and consistent as constipation. Hypertension is not a direct effect of opioids; in fact, opioids can sometimes result in lower blood pressure due to their sedative properties. Hyperactivity is not associated with opioids, which are depressants and generally lead to sedation rather than increased activity levels. Thus, constipation stands out as the most prevalent and well-documented side effect of chronic opioid use.